Internal Medicine

Cushing's Syndrome in Dogs — Hyperadrenocorticism

Hyperadrenocorticism — excess cortisol affecting multiple organ systems.

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Hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's) is one of the most common endocrinopathies in middle-aged and older dogs. It is characterized by excess cortisol, either of pituitary origin (85% of cases) or adrenal. Diagnosis requires specific hormonal tests and abdominal ultrasound.

Clinical signs

  • Polyuria / polydipsia (urinating and drinking excessively)
  • Polyphagia (excessive hunger)
  • Abdominal distension (pot-bellied abdomen)
  • Bilateral symmetric alopecia
  • Thin, hyperpigmented skin
  • Muscle weakness and excessive panting

Treatment options

  • Trilostane (daily oral medication)
  • Mitotane in selected cases
  • Adrenalectomy (adrenal tumor)
  • ACTH stimulation test monitoring
  • Management of complications (infections, thrombosis)
  • Nutritional management

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