Neurology

Epilepsy and Seizures in Dogs — Veterinary Neurology

Diagnosis and management of idiopathic and symptomatic seizures in dogs and cats.

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Idiopathic epilepsy is the most common neurological disease in dogs. It is diagnosed by exclusion of structural and metabolic causes through CT, CSF analysis, and complete blood profile. Medical management is effective in most patients.

Clinical signs

  • Generalized or focal seizures
  • Post-ictal period (post-seizure disorientation)
  • Status epilepticus (emergency)
  • Interictal behavior changes
  • Episodic loss of consciousness

Treatment options

  • Phenobarbital (first line)
  • Potassium bromide
  • Levetiracetam
  • Rescue diazepam
  • Status epilepticus management (emergency)
  • CT and CSF analysis for symptomatic epilepsy

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